Conjugation is mediated by a large molecular machinery termed Type IV secretion system (T4SS), embedded within the donor cell ...

Several recent studies show that the E3 ligase RNF114 recognises a hybrid ADP-ribose-ubiquitin modification on substrate ...

Basic research, often termed fundamental, frontier, blue-sky, curiosity-driven—or even useless—is the pursuit of knowledge ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Overflow metabolism refers to the widespread ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Clostridioides difficile infections have ...

Mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are important signaling modules regulating diverse biological processes. During the past 20 years, much progress has been made on the functions of MAPK ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Oocytes, female germ cells that develop into ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. The dedifferentiation of somatic cells into a ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Animals entrain their circadian rhythms to ...

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a common female-biased disease. ME/CFS diagnosis is hindered by the absence of biomarkers that are unaffected by patients’ low physical ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Active mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) elimination ...

Peer ReviewDownload a summary of the editorial decision process including editorial decision letters, reviewer comments and author responses to feedback. Studying the human immune system in vivo is ...