F-Type ATP synthase, a catalytic complex of proteins, synthesizes adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of living cells. A lot of ambiguity exists over the rotational mechanism of this ...

"The ATP synthase protein complex consists of a spinning rotor driven by the back transport of protons into the mitochondrial matrix. This part is connected to the enzyme's catalytic head by a stalk, ...

The proton gradients that power respiration are as universal as the genetic code itself, giving an insight into the origin of life and the singular origin of complexity. Why do virtually all cells ...

Researchers from Japan have successfully elucidated the fine details of energy-transducing F1-ATPase function in bacteria 1 Tsukuba Research Center, Central Research Laboratory, Hamamatsu Photonics ...